Selective isolation
Disconnect the smallest practical section of the network.
Power system protection
Clear the fault.
Protect the system.
Short-circuit and relay-coordination studies that balance speed, selectivity, sensitivity and equipment protection—from the utility interface to the final feeder.
Selective protection path
GRIDSource
R1Incoming
R2Feeder
×FAULT
Nearest protective device isolates the fault
Verified equipment duty
Compare calculated fault levels with interrupting and withstand ratings.
Field-ready settings
Translate study results into reviewable setting schedules and curves.
Why coordination matters
Protection should act fast—and only where required.
A fault can expose equipment to severe thermal and mechanical stress. Poorly coordinated devices can also trip healthy upstream circuits, turning a local event into a wider interruption.
Panacean develops system models, calculates maximum and minimum fault currents, checks protective-device duties and grades relay, breaker and fuse characteristics. The result is a protection scheme designed to detect credible faults, clear them within safe limits and preserve continuity elsewhere in the network.
SpeedLimit fault energy and damageSelectivityKeep healthy circuits energizedSensitivityDetect minimum credible faultsSecurityAvoid unnecessary operation
Study scope
One coordinated view of the protection system.
Each engagement is configured around the network voltage, topology, operating modes and applicable project requirements.
Network model & data validation
Review single-line diagrams, source data, transformer impedances, conductor parameters, motors, grounding and existing device information.
Short-circuit calculations
Evaluate three-phase, phase-to-phase and earth faults across relevant maximum and minimum operating scenarios.
Equipment duty assessment
Check switchgear, breakers, CTs, cables and busbars against calculated interrupting, making and short-time withstand duties.
Time-current coordination
Plot device characteristics with transformer inrush, motor starting, cable withstand and equipment damage limits.
Protection grading & settings
Coordinate phase and earth overcurrent elements, fuses, breakers and relays using appropriate pickup, curve and delay settings.
Gap closure & implementation
Identify miscoordination and overstressed equipment, recommend changes and issue controlled setting schedules for review.
Engineering workflow
Traceable from input data to final settings.
Clear assumptions and staged reviews make the study easier to verify, approve and maintain as the system evolves.
Request a study proposal →- 01Collect & validate
Confirm topology, operating cases, utility contribution and protection data.
- 02Model & calculate
Build the study model and establish fault-current envelopes at each bus.
- 03Coordinate & review
Grade devices, inspect curve margins and resolve conflicts collaboratively.
- 04Issue & support
Deliver approved settings, plots, findings and implementation support.
Typical deliverables
Engineering outputs your team can use.
- Validated study model and assumptions register
- Bus-wise maximum and minimum fault levels
- Equipment duty and adequacy assessment
- Phase and earth-fault coordination plots
- Relay, breaker and fuse setting schedules
- Exceptions, risks and recommended actions
Applications
For new designs and operating networks.
Utility substationsIndustrial plantsRenewable pooling stationsCaptive power systemsData centres & critical facilitiesSystem expansions & retrofits
Common questions
Before the study begins.
What information is normally required?
Current single-line diagrams, utility fault data, transformer and generator parameters, cable data, load and motor schedules, CT ratios, breaker or fuse details, and existing relay models and settings. Missing information is identified during data validation.
Why calculate both maximum and minimum fault current?
Maximum values are important for equipment-duty checks, while minimum values help confirm that protection remains sensitive enough to detect and clear lower-current faults.
Can the study cover an existing installation?
Yes. Existing systems can be modelled using available drawings, field records and verified device settings. The study can identify coordination gaps and prioritize practical corrections.
Short Circuit & Relay Coordination
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